United States Government Searches Muslim-owned Property for Nuclear Material Sans Warrant; Legal?
In search of a terrorist nuclear bomb, the federal government since 9/11 has run a far-reaching, top secret program to monitor radiation levels at over a hundred Muslim sites in the Washington, D.C., area, including mosques, homes, businesses, and warehouses, plus similar sites in at least five other cities, U.S. News has learned. In numerous cases, the monitoring required investigators to go on to the property under surveillance, although no search warrants or court orders were ever obtained, according to those with knowledge of the program. . . Officials . . . reject any notion that the program specifically has targeted Muslims. "We categorically do not target places of worship or entities solely based on ethnicity or religious affiliation," says one. "Our investigations are intelligence driven and based on a criminal predicate." I am torn. On the one hand, I am opposed to government searches without a warrant. But my opposition comes mainly from the fact that the government has a nasty habit of making behaviors that do not harm others into crimes. In this case, the government is searching for an inherently hazardous material. Locating and controlling inherently hazardous materials or conditions is a fundamental function of government and the process of doing such is a legitimate exercise of the state's police power. That's what the government was doing here... looking for radioactive materials that could pose a danger to the public. I don't see a legal problem. Now, if the government were to use evidence discovered in such searches to arrest people for unrelated activity, then I would have a problem with it... especially if they were arrested for behavior that was not inherently hazardous. So long as the government only uses warrantless searches of this sort to locate materials or conditions that are
on their face inherently hazardous, I do not think there is a problem. The Bill of Rights exists to protect us, not to facilitate other people in their efforts to harm us or to destroy the country, and the Constitution itself. That's just common sense (but if it was really common, you'd think more people would have it). That being said, this is a slippery slope and this sort of activity should be subject to strict scrutiny and should, again, only be allowed where the government is searching for a material or condition that is inherently hazardous
on its face.
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Many have gotten the cart before the horse here. I'm not sure there's a "search" at all, let alone a "warrantless search" and it seems clear there is no "illegal" or "unconstitutional" search. The Supreme Court case cited in the USNWR article concerns thermal imaging devices used to "look inside" a home, like x-ray vision. Here, radiation measurements were taken from publicly accessible locations. No expectation of privacy, no unconstitutional search. It is the difference between listening in on a phone conversation by tapping the line, and listening in on a radio broadcast by turning on a receiver. What the public can see, smell, hear, etc. is not protected by the Constitution from government discovery. There is no reasonable expectation of privacy in radioactive emissions released into the atmosphere.
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